The Thulium Ionization Energy is the energy required to remove from atom one mole of electrons with subsequent production of positively charged ion of Thulium.
Tm -> Tm+ + e-
This process can be repeated many times, but the energy cost is increased dramatically. The general equation for the Thulium is:
TmN+ -> Tm(N+1)+ + e-
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Tm -> Tm1+ = 596.7 kJ/mol = 142.75 Kcal/mol
Tm1+ -> Tm2+ = 1163 kJ/mol = 278.23 Kcal/mol
Tm2+ -> Tm3+ = 2285 kJ/mol = 546.65 Kcal/mol
Tm3+ -> Tm4+ = 4119 kJ/mol = 985.41 Kcal/mol
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